Thanks, wilfred!
So about the RAM. Yes. There is one 4116 that is dedicated to the graphics. I have a few 4116s on-hand, but I haven't been able to locate any failed DIMs. I am curious to know the failure mode of the 4116 so that I could sniff out any lurking failures. I might suck it out and replace it to see what happens. It couldn't hurt; the 4116s are notoriously unreliable. And, yes. The dim portion of the CRT is an artifact of the photo.
The character ROM could very well be bad. However, if the ROM is removed, the vertical lines become solid. That and the fact that there are characters generated on the screen in some power cycles leads me to believe that the ROM is OK. You may be on to something about the vertical blank columns, though. I'll have a look around the graphics circuitry again to see if I can find anything suspect.
Re Z80. I agree. Now I have an extra Z80!
The rails are fine: two 5V and two 12V. The power supply is in poor condition, so I have it on bench supply for testing. While running the OCC supply, one of the RF caps blew in somewhat of a spectacular fashion, but I'm not too concerned about it.
I'll post some images of the PCB soon. Nothing is visibly wrong with the board, from what I can see, though: no blow holes or bad joints.
Any clue if the pulse in the scope capture is errant? It seems to be ringing throughout the circuitry around the 'LS393s and LS175. Maybe it's nothing.