Yes, a 5x20mm would work also if you can't get the longer ones. They just don't interrupt as well at high currents but with these induction cooking devices when they fail short (the usual failure mode, just like yours) it usually blows everything upstream (like yours did) anyway and since it is ceramic, it won't usually physically blow up.
(Not that a bit of broken glass from a glass fuse exploding inside the unit is usually a huge deal, though sometimes pieces of glass might fly out of a vent hole or something, plus the glass ones make a bright blue spark at high currents which can freak some people out.
)
Just don't bypass it with a piece of wire. Use a decent fuse.