More than likely an N-channel MOSFET, probably "logic level" meaning the Vgs threshold voltage is low enough it can be fully switched on from the 3.3 or 5V output of a typical microcontroller (hint: look for the presence or absence of a voltage regulator on the board).
Some amount of circuit analysis will be needed to determine if this is in fact the case.
Most important characteristics for picking the right part will be:
Vgs(th) - must be low enough to allow the driving circuitry to switch the transistor fully on, but not so low as to exceed the maximum gate voltage
Vds(max) - you probably want to be some margin higher than the maximum fully charged battery voltage, but don't go too crazy on this one, higher is not always better, as MOSFETs with higher voltage ratings tend to have higher on resistance as well as lower current handling
Id(max) - this is the tricky one, because you don't know and there is no easy way to determine the peak current that will pass through the MOSFET, so you'll just have to go with the highest rated one (within reason) that also meets the above criteria.