Wow, people are still using USBASP, nice! I myself occasionally use a USBASP clone that I hand-built more some 15 years ago and programmed with a PC parallel port

Can't say anything about the Arduino IDE, if that's what you're talking about, that is usually used with boards that include some built-in programmer or bootloader.
For just programming AVR microcontrollers with prebuilt hex files, avrdude works perfectly on Win10 64bit.
One simple way to get it is to use the Chocolatey package manager. Just install Chocolatey and then run
choco install avrdude in a console.
For AVR development with C and Makefiles on Win10 I use the Microchip AVR toolchain, which is gcc-based
https://www.microchip.com/en-us/development-tools-tools-and-software/gcc-compilers-avr-and-armand MSYS2
https://www.msys2.org/Edit: To use the USBASP on Windows it also needs a driver which is based on libusb; here I don't quite remember the details but I think I used zadig to install the libusb-win32 driver:
https://zadig.akeo.ie/