Partly depends on size of the components and how many different kinds there are.
Realise that component storage is not so much about being able to find something instantly, but more about being able to instantly exclude 99% of the places they might be.
Consider starting with several of these
https://uk.rs-online.com/web/p/drawer-storage/0230627 Those are
hideously expensive, but occasionally you can get them for £15 from Aldi/Lidl.
For passives, ICs and similar components, don't have reserve a single drawer (or sub-compartment) for each type, but do put all types in a small
labelled ziploc bag, and several of those in a drawer. I have several sizes of these
https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/224447210165 from 50*50mm to 90*50mm.
Larger components, e.g. dupont flying leads or SMA leads can go in the larger bottom drawer.
For naked devkits and similar, find some cheap cuboid food boxes with clip-on lids, and stack those.