Well the NOMA brand certainly doesn't attach the the LED mains wires very good, they are just laid in place. The hot wire is stiff solid-core and laid on a metal dome basically, and the neutral wire is stranded, and basically just brushed up against the bulb screw. And that wire looks to have some carbon buildup.
I've taken apart 3 broken NOMA LED bulbs over the years, 2 last week. The 1st one had the 1st inductor fall apart/crumble.
The 2 last week, on 1, the core/base of the 2nd inductor broke apart, but it was on the un-connected GND pin. But the non-GND side of the inductor, lifted the solder pad right off.
The winding pins were ok otherwise, but desoldering it made one pin fall out , but at least the wire hasn't broke yet. And the 1st inductor in the circuit, also had a pin fall out.
Then the 3rd one, I'm guessing has a bad cap, or bad controller, nothing else seems wrong, or maybe a bad mains connection since they don't solder the wires. When plugged in, this one flickers ON/OFF in some reset loop.
I can't find anything on the controller IC.
Here's the schematic, w/ a resistive load and no feedback, so far I can only get a few Watts from it, not up near 13W yet.
Both electrolytics are 130C degrees rated tho, that's the 1st time I remember seeing caps over 105C. Yet their inductors have heat issues, or whatever, and fall apart.