I finally found a good reference for Finland:
The entrepreneur and unemployment security, from TE-palvelut, the government organization that handles this stuff. Main point:
You are not entitled to unemployment benefits if you are fully employed as an entrepreneur or through self-employment.
When one is employed elsewhere and has a side business, everything works fine. But, if you resign, you will
automatically be classified as a self-employed or an entrepreneur, and will not get any unemployment benefits at all. If you get laid off, the situation gets murkier, and you usually have to go through quite a paperwork battle to show that your side business has never been profitable enough to classify as self-employment. Unfortunately, if you did manage to make a nice extra from your side business, you will be classified as an entrepreneur, and get no unemployment benefits.
I used to run a limited liability company from '97/98 up till 2005 or so, and handled all the paperwork myself. (I even got training for myself to do that; as well as for copyright law and licensing issues. It was quite profitable, but broke me, because I am not a business type person: I just want to fix all problems I get my grubby little hands on, and am very easily exploited; rather naïve, really. Burnout, depression ensued.) My family is also full of entrepreneurs; we're the work-work-work kind of people, for good or bad.
The
Finnish tax office is actually extremely helpful (for companies and entrepreneurs); one only needs to contact them as early as possible, and they'll work
hard to help you. If you suspect you may be handling some tax issues wrong, I can warmly recommend you contact them. In my experience, they were more than happy to help with any issues regarding taxation; they even offer help in tax planning.
The TE-palvelut, on the other hand, well, they're run by a completely different set of metrics, and it is in their interest to categorize as many people as possible as entrepreneurs, and that leads to the perceived curb-stomping of unemployed entrepreneurs in Finland. It's not the people, it's the metrics used to control that office. This is the root cause of the problem, and due to cultural issues (Finland having a politically weak small-to-medium enterprise sector, compared to say Germany), is difficult to fix, even when lots of people acknowledge the problem exists. Some of the parties could even be classified as anti-entrepreneurs, more for semantic and ideological reasons than practical or taxation reasons.
There are ways to avoid that, even in Finland, by setting up a group of interconnected companies. However, even thinking about that literally gives me hives (urticaria), so if anyone is interested in that, I recommend they contact a business angel (experienced entrepreneur/CEO) through one of the business incubators, since they too will be familiar with such arrangements, and are often happy to help new entrepreneurs.