There are a number of standards for wire and cable, including copper wire. The price to purchase copies of these standards is a little daunting for those who have only casual need for them. If you work for a large corporation or have access to an appropriate library you may be able to get access at little or no cost.
Some insight into the standards can be obtained from free sources. One which has a great deal of information is the Standard Wire and Cable Company catalog, which is available at:
http://www.standard-wire.com/downloads/swc_catalog.pdfThere are a number things of interest in this catalog, including Page 1 where they say they offer wire and cable in a variety of metals and high strength alloys - followed by a listing of a dozen or more standard items.
A little googling will get you other sources and links to the official standards should you choose to buy them. Note that there are several, depending on what your application is, and what laws apply where you live.