I am am a hobbyist who works on ESP32 projects, TFT displays, I2C devices, and does some circuit debugging here and there. I'm looking to buy an oscilloscope on a budget, specifically thinking about the Finrsi DSO510 (10 MHz, 48 MS/s, + 50 kHz function generator). My budget is very tight, around $30.
Of course, my question is NOT whether it is as good as a $300-$400 oscilloscope. My question is: Is it usable or somewhat useful for my work scenarios, or is it just a complete $30 waste of money, essentially e-garbage? Should I avoid buying it altogether and be without an oscilloscope?
I don't currently have any oscilloscope and can't afford a proper one for the next 4 years until I'm out of debt. Should I get the DSO510, or would I be better off waiting 4 years to save up for a $300 one?
Yes, repeat no

Scopes show analogue waveform shape and timing.
Strategy for digital circuits: use an analogue domain tool (i.e. a scope) to ensure analogue signal integrity (voltages, timing), then flip to the digital domain and debug digital signals with digital domain tools (i.e. logic/protocol analyser or printf()). Signal integrity can be assured by ensuring repetitive waveforms. That implies that a storage scope is not necessary.
Realise that the clock frequency of a digital circuit is irrelevant; the
only important parameter is the rise/fall time. Then you need BW >0.35/t
risetime. A scope's samples/second spec is less important.
Any
working scope which can deal with the edge rates and voltages is better than no scope. Having said that, with sufficient understanding and imagination, a heck of a lot can be done with some switches, LEDs, voltage sources, and a DVM. That was all I had when I designed my first computer, a 6800 with 128
bytes of RAM. (No, you couldn't fit an SMS message in that!)
If money is tight then realise
- Logic/protocol analysers can be very cheap and sufficient for many purposes.
- Second-hand analogue scopes can be very cheap and sufficient for many purposes - provided they are working. Beginners shouldn't want to have to fix their scope

Alternatively try to find a local hackspace/makerspace, and use their tools.