Without the diode to ground the capacitor will charge to 5 (- 0.7 diode drop) volt so that at the left side of the cap you will end up with a sinus from 0 to 10 volt, and there's no way to make a negative voltage from that. You can measure that by probing the point where the diode to ground should be, see the attachment. Also, you should have a load and another cap at the left.