"Except by doing physical projects, how can I make learning digital electronics fun?"
Unfortunately I don't think you can. Projects are the whole point of it, only by applying it do you have fun, or even learn it properly.
If you can't get hold of the parts you need immediately you could try using a simulator to prototype some circuit concepts until you can get the parts and any test equipment you need. For digital electronics a simulator might be rather closer to practicality that in more analogue domains where real world imperections (your wires have inductance, your capacitors don't behave the same at all voltages...) are more important.