Hello,
I'm making a portable device, which mainly consists of the following components:
1. A LiPo battery
2. A self-designed PCB - mostly just buck converters to a few different voltages (5V, 12V) to power the SBC, sensors, and a fan
3. A single-board computer (SBC)
4. Some sensors (e.g. accelerometer, RS232 @ 115200 baud rate)
5. A 3D-printed plastic shell (so no metallic chassis to connect the shield to)
I have a shielded power cable between the LiPo battery and the PCB, and some metal cable sheathing covering the wires between the accelerometer, SBC (data) and PCB (power). I'm wondering what is the proper way to deal with the shielding on the cables.
From what I've found reading online, I see:
1. It's a very complicated topic :'(
2. A shielded cable without connecting the shield somewhere is the same as / worse than an unshielded cable. (actually, is there even a point to having a shielded power cable? does it only matter for high speed data cables?)
3. Connecting the shield on both ends can cause a big ground loop which creates a lot of noise. However, I see some people mention that a single ended connection can just become an antenna which is also not ideal. Connecting it on one end for a portable device is to some the "least worst" option?
4. Since the shield cannot be connected to a metal enclosure, connecting the shield to the ground plane on the PCB seems to be recommended. And even then, there are a lot of different practices of putting wildly different sizes and combinations of capacitors / resistors / inductors between the shield and ground.
Some links I've read:
https://www.eevblog.com/forum/projects/usb-shield-ground-connection/https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/661902/usb-shielding-device-or-host-sidehttps://www.eevblog.com/forum/projects/lets-talk-about-cable-shielding-and-pcb-gnd-layer/https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/689066/cable-shielding-best-practicesHence, I'm still a little unsure of what I should be doing, as it seems like the answer is always some kind of "it depends/its a trade off between ...".
The simplest answer I see for my case is just to connect the shield to the ground plane of my PCB.
Hence, I was thinking of:
1. (For the data cables) Placing separate screw terminals on my PCB (my board connections are mostly using screw terminals), next to the screw terminals where the cables conductors terminate, that I connect the shielded braid of the cable to. These screw terminals are simply connected to the ground plane. Or should I add some of the capacitors/resistors/inductors in between? Some have recommended a "semi-isolated" ground plane for this "I/O area"?
2. (For the power cable) Maybe just crimping the metal braid of the shielded power together with the GND conductor into a ferrule, and connecting that to the PCB.
Is this a terrible idea?