I'm a little lost now, what I'd like to know is if this power transformer design you are considering is one that is readily available, or if you have built a prototype from materials that you have available?
Yes, I built a prototype using the same iron laminations which I use for the square wave inverters.
If you are trying to use a ready made power transformer 'in reverse' then you are likely to find that copper losses are greater than if a bespoke unit is designed.
I design everything in a new product (hardware and software) which is made for sale or for my personal need. But I also avoid re-inventing the wheels, mainly if the needed device is cost-effective, like the ready-made SMPS units (but, if necessary, I extend their voltage rating up to 400Vrms by adding an external circuit).
Core losses, as in magnetising current at no load can be largely tuned out, so their impact is largely null, though a starting point of only 12 Watts core loss in a 500W (?) Iron component is quite incredible.
Me too, I wasn't expecting this. But this is what I got.
The form and order of the windings are also important so as to provide best coupling. You use the term leakage inductance as if it is a good thing, but in this type of project particularly it will have a negative impact on the regulation not to mention efficiency.
Today, I tested a well-coupled transformer made for 1000W/12V square wave inverter. Even its tiny leakage inductance was enough to filter the 16Khz PWM with 1uF at the transformer output.
Let us calculate approximately the minimum value of such inductance (Lmin) to do the job.
In an LC low pass filter, if w*L > 20/(w*C), the attenuation (Vout/Vin) is less than 0.13%.
Lmin > 20/(w^2*C)
where
w = 2*pi*F = 2*pi*15625 ~= 98175 rad/s
w^2 ~= 9,638 rad/us
Therefore
Lmin > 20/(w^2*C)
Lmin > 20/(9,638*1uF)
Lmin > 2mH
The leakage inductance seen at the secondary (L_lk, at the high voltage side) could be approximated (assuming Ls_lk ~= Lp_lk*N^2):
L_lk = 2 * Ls*(1-K^2)
Ls = Ls_lk/(1-K^2)/2
where
K is the coupling coefficient
Ls is the secondary inductance measured while the primary is open,
If K=0.9999 we get:
Ls = 0.002/(1-0.9999^2)/2 ~= 5 H
The value 5H is comparable to actual transformer's inductance, seen at its high voltage side.
You say that efficiency is of no concern provided that it's not 'too' bad, a sine wave inverter based on iron cored inductors working at 50Hz may not exceed a maximum of 60-70% in reality, possibly somewhat less. The suggestion you made of supplying a load of 1kW will create a great deal of heat...
You may be right.
But, on the one hand, this depends on how much copper will be used.
On the second hand, producing 1000 W or 2000 W inverters doesn't mean that the user will discharge his battery by a permanent 1000W or 2000W load. Actually, the user's average load will be around 350W/700W in this case. The 1000 W or the 2000 W inverter is made to supply the inrush current of certain appliances (like a refrigerator and a water pump).
In the conjunction that you synthesised a 50 Hz sine wave from a much higher frequency it would have to be filtered with suitable low loss core materials, and high frequency techniques, not heavy iron.
If it happens that the same transformer does the two required tasks, increasing the voltage and filtering the 50Hz carrier, why do we need looking for something else?
What I'm also unable to understand is that an inverter that is ready made can be imported into your country for sale but not the components to make a comparable product. Cost cannot be a consideration as the value of the laminations for a transformer core, and the cost of the extra copper required to create a component of high enough inductance for low frequency working, would be far in excess of the cost of suitable ferrite parts. This is the major reason these topologies have dominated.
You are right to be confused from where you live.
After year 2011, the local high class only are allowed legitimately to import products from abroad (and behind the scenes, those who are related to, you know, also don't have to pay the taxes which are imposed on the ordinary citizens in case they are allowed to trade).
On the other side, the prices of the imported raw materials (from the small electronic elements to copper and iron) became relatively very high lately due to political sanctions which have been increased exponentially since year 1980.
In brief, after the world saved the people among whom I was born and live, there is no more a local medium class, only high and low classes only (after all, this is the case of all peoples saved by the world since year 2011).
Please let us help you by including in your next post the details of the proposed project, it's circuit diagram, and the design of any bespoke components.
Now, most of my work on this project is on draft papers (I mean not finalized). When I will draw its complete circuit/schematic on Kicad (a very old version, since I have also no privilege to download the newer releases) I will upload its Kicad files and its image for those who can't open them.
Kerim