The good news is you already have the hardware you need. The bad news is, that particular FT232R board only breaks out the most common connections (*most* applications only require Tx, Rx and a couple of handshaking lines).
Here are the connections:
https://github.com/lorf/csr-spi-ftdi#using-ft232rl-breakout-board-as-a-programmerIt seems you either have to get a FT232R breakout board with all the connections - I soldered a chip to a generic SSOP28 breakout board, or if you have a steady hand and some kynar wire, solder wires directly to the chips pins.
I haven't used the CSR8635, but that small carrier board on your main board looks to be a BTM835. As shown here:
https://www.eevblog.com/forum/projects/programming-off-the-shelf-csr8635-module/ (scroll down for pinout).
From that image in imgur - with the help of your red lines showing connections, and *if* it is a BTM835, then the pins appear to be (from left to right):
GND
MOSI - Master out, slave in... RI on FT232
CLK - clock, RTS on FT232
CS - chip select, DTR on FT232
MISO - master in, slave out, DSR on FT232
SPI_PCM - should be pulled high to IO voltage via a ~10k resistor. IO voltage will be 1.8V
the 1.8V is available on that module on pin 10, and should be the input to VCCIO on the FT232. But I have used it with 3.3V IO voltage, and as long as you have series resistors for every connection (I used 220ohm) I'm sure it'll be fine. That FT232R module looks like it has switchable IO voltage 5V/3.3V, you'll want to use 3.3V.
Its a bit of a pain, I was fortunate enough to have a breakout board and spare FT232R's left over from projects.