I have a 2-slot USB 3.0 bare drive "docking station" which can also act as a cloning device. It copies the source drive to the destination byte-for-byte at well over 200 MB/s (provided the drives are that fast). It doesn't get any easier or faster. For software, it doesn't get any easier than dd. Either method gives the same result, a whole disk byte-for-byte copy, which is entirely agnostic to OS or filesystem types. The copy works exactly as the original including whatever bootloader was installed. Note that the new drive must be at least the same size as the old one.
Note that for both of the above, things like Windows' GUIDs of the drive and NTFS file systems will be copied as-is, so if you try to use both the old and new drives on one system, Windows will complain. Similar issues may arise with other OS and FS. More complex software like CloneZilla, GParted or whatever are fine if you just want to copy particular paritions, or to copy a bigger disk to a smaller one, resize partitions, etc., but I've had mixed success with anything other than a simple, normal boot environment (e.g. Windows installed onto other than "C:" or primary partition).