The glass thing looks in every respect like a reed relay.
These are operated by a magnetic field,either from a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
How windshield wiper fluid changes a magnetic field,I do not know----are you sure the sensor is complete?
If it still works,fill the reservoir & look at the input connections with a multimeter.
First,check the resistance with the connection to the car electrical system unplugged,& record that,then with it normally connected,check what voltages w.r.t car chassis appear on each pin of the connector.
Empty the container & do the same tests-------what changes?