Timing analysis is far above my pay grade. It is best left to the wizards of the trade. But, yes, there are settings to influence place-and-route. I have never gotten comfortable with the constraints file in either ISE or Vivado although I thought I had a better handle on it under ISE.
Vivado knows what the clock frequency is (generally 100 MHz) and if there is a problem, I'll get a warning or error. One thing I do note is the number of nonsense warnings that I should probably find a way to disable. Who cares about the output delay to an LED? Or the input delay on a pushbutton. Now, clearly, the are important delays on input and output but not in this particular project.
For the project I am looking at right now, for the worst case delay the net portion of the delay is 3 times the logic delay.