A quick interruption by the Fun with TEA department:
By some miracle, various TEA related stuff appeared at my doorstep. One of the items is a "unknown" resistor, and some known ones in a box with switches.
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So one wants to know what's the value of the unknown. Let's have a look at the shelves - OK, there's a nice DMM with orange glowing display. Alas, it doesn't have an Ohms range, it does voltage only. At least it does voltage to quite low levels (lowest range is 10mV). And there's a nice Kelvin Varley divider somewhere. We'd need a voltage source, too. A randomly chosen lab supply does the job.
So for the first step, I do a coarse approximation - connect the "unknown" resistor in series with the decade box. Then apply a voltage to this circuit and measure the voltage across one resistor. Measure voltage drop across unknown - with the decade box set at 100 Ohm it's about half the source voltage. So I've got the first guess the unknown resistor is in the 100 Ohm ballpark.
Next, add the KVD to the setup, hook its input in parallel to the voltage source, and the DMM in a bridge configuration between the KVD output and "unknown" / decade midpoint.
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Adjust the KVD to zero voltage reading at the DMM. Now the KVD setting equals the ratio of unknown / decade resistors. One can read "0.4997" at the KVD dials, this means a ratio of 0.9994 from decade box (set to 100R) to unknown, so I assume the unknown resistor is 99.94 Ohm.
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Guess what, the 34401A reads exactly this value:
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