University was the place to go and specialize, but that means that students must be good at "that" subject. There are far too many hybrid courses now.
There's always been hybrid courses, I hope there are more of them. I studied engineering with management. Over four years (five if you do a year work placement) there was plenty of time to be given a taste of some of the management school courses, and it made it very clear to me what further education I wished to do after uni (i.e. evening classes) while working. I feel I would not have pursued the career that I did, had I not taken the hybrid course, because you end up discovering what you enjoy if you try different things. It works in later life too; a friend of mine did not study engineering or IT, but then later on in his career decided to try it, and spent Pandemic-time doing programming courses, and soon found employers willing to give him a go. He's doing great.
The experience of your friend seems more a reflection of those potential employers he considered than anything else. There are backward employers who are not interested in hiring and developing kids fresh out of education, and instead want someone just familiar with the specific vocation-ready tasks that they needed at the time. Your friend was simply not at that stage in his career for that role, and in the long run they probably did him a favor by not hiring him.
My first job interview, the employer wanted someone with (already ancient) Z80 and Visual Basic experience. I had both since I had played around with microprocessors and computers as a hobby but I ran a mile from that job which was a good thing for both that employer and myself; I couldn't see myself growing in a job where I might spend years developing on their dated hardware, and they could certainly hire someone for some volume of money, to make it attractive enough if they really didn't want to grow that person's career in other ways.
My first major job, I hit a brick wall after a few weeks, because the amount of knowledge I had to pick up felt overwhelming, and of course that's not taught at a uni since it's very job-specific. However, I stuck with it (what other choice was there?), and soon learned to mentally accept that I knew only a fraction of a percent about the whole project, but to just trust myself that I would be able to navigate the unknowns and put the pieces together as I learned more over time. Anything I didn't know, I studied (and went on courses where I needed to, and read books, and learned to find pieces of information in standards despite discovering it was impossible to read them all to know everything in detail from first principles, and subscribed to Dr Dobbs and so on..). All my managers supported me (I've never had a bad manager - I know I'm lucky in that respect).
I recently just finished 8-weeks of evening classes on what's probably a "humanities" subject which I wanted to do. My class colleagues included retired people, a secretary, a politics graduate, a nurse and so on. All making the effort to learn something new, even if it wasn't job-relevant. We all learned things from each other.
Almost _any_ education is still better than not studying. There's a certain benefit for society i.e. for all, if the people around them are educated to a level (doesn't have to be a uni degree since people can become educated in different ways, but a degree is nicely intensive to a certain amount at least). If employers have to hand-hold a little, or supplement by sending employees on training, so be it. Why should uni's or students bend over for employers who have a relatively short-term perspective. I'd rather employers pay for extra training than see grads destined for not much of a future if they have spent 4-5 years studying mainly what employers felt they needed at that time.